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Qualitative Health Research
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The Milk of Human Kindness: Environmental and Human Interactions in a WIC Clinic That Influence Infant-Feeding Decisions of Black Women

Roberta Cricco-Lizza

International Center of Research for Women, Children, and Families, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia

In this ethnographic study, the author explores the context of Black women’s infant-feeding decisions in an urban WIC clinic. Data were obtained from 319 people (130 Black women enrolled in WIC [BWEW], 189 relatives and friends) with close follow-up of 11 primiparous key informants during pregnancy and the first year postpartum. The major findings include (a) the WIC clinic environment set a positive tone for service, (b) WIC employees treated the women with caring and respect, (c) BWEW believed that WIC was a source of support in time of need, and (d) WIC influenced infant-feeding decisions. The availability of free formula facilitated bottle feeding, but personalized breast-feeding promotion with trusting relationships with WIC providers encouraged breast-feeding decisions for almost half of the key informants.

Key Words: Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children • infant-feeding experiences • health care disparities

Qualitative Health Research, Vol. 15, No. 4, 525-538 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/1049732304273030
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